Performance of green and conventional techniques for the optimal extraction of bioactive compounds in bee pollen

The exploitation of phenolic compounds in different fields has motivated researchers to explore eco-friendly and efficient extraction techniques. This study aimed comparatively reveal that green techniques (microwave- ultrasound-assisted) are alternative conventional (maceration magnetic stirring) with positive impact on the content, antioxidant activity, bioactive profile bee pollen extracts. highest total flavonoid content was reached using microwave-assisted technique (MAE) equivalent values 28 8 mg g?1, stirring maceration showing a lower value. composition extracts revealed presence twenty-six compounds, including thirteen phenolics phenylamides. Although had little chemical diversity, amount raised significantly use techniques, gains between 40% 60% for up 200% radical scavenging activity reducing power confirmed pollens potent source, most corresponding Consequently, all findings recommend MAE as effective from naturally encapsulated structures such pollen.